Oppositional Behavior

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a behavior disorder in which the child is hostile, uncooperative and defiant toward peers, parents and other. Children who have ODD are often disobedient, easily angered and may seem to be angry much of the time. Very young children with the disorder will throw temper tantrums that last for 30 minutes or longer.

In addition, the child with ODD often starts arguments and will not give up. Winning the argument seems to be very important to a child with this disorder. Even if the youth knows that he or she will lose a privilege or otherwise be punished for continuing the tantrum or argument, he or she is unable to stop. Attempting to reason with such a child often backfires because the child perceives rational discussion as a continuation of the argument.

Most children with ODD, however, do not perceive themselves as being argumentative or difficult. It is usual for such children to blame all their problems on others. Such children can also be perfectionists and have a strong sense of justice regarding violations of what they consider correct behavior. They are impatient and intolerant of others. They are more likely to argue verbally with other children than to get into physical fights.

 Symptoms of ODD:

• Frequent temper tantrums
• Excessive arguing with adults
• Often questioning rules
• Refuse to do what an adult asks
• Deliberate attempts to annoy or upset people
• Blaming others for his or her mistakes or misbehavior
• Often being touchy or easily annoyed by others
• Excessive anger
• Mean and hateful talking when upset
• Spiteful attitude and revenge seeking

The symptoms are usually seen in multiple settings, but may be more noticeable at home or at school. The causes of ODD are unknown, but many parents report that their child with ODD was more rigid and demanding that the child’s siblings from an early age. Biological, psychological and social factors may have a role.

A child presenting with ODD symptoms should have a comprehensive evaluation for other disorders such as, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, mood disorders (depression, bipolar disorder) and anxiety disorders. It may be difficult to improve the symptoms of ODD without treating the coexisting disorder. Some children with ODD may go on to develop conduct disorder.

Treatment:

Individual therapy, family therapy, Training for parents and medications are necessary for controlling child’s defiant behavior.

Tips for parents:

• Always  give praise and positive reinforcement
• Take a time-out or break if you conflict with your child
• Set up reasonable, age appropriate limits with consequences
• Encourage in other activities like sports, music, arts etc…
• Spend more time with children
• Improve parent-child communication
• Reduce parental stress